S

Sacristy

the room or closet in which communion equipment, linen, and supplies are kept.

Saddle-roof

Small gable roof placed in back of a chimney on a sloping roof to shed water and debris; also called a cricket.

Sanctuary

the immediate area around the principal altar.

Scarp

an artificial cutting away of the ground to form a steeper slope.

Scotia, trochylus

a concave molding that curves to a half-round creating a semi-circle or half an ellipse.

Scriptorium

area in a monastery where books and documents were written, copied, and illuminated.

Sculpture-in-the-round

free-standing sculpture that can be viewed from all sides.

semi-circular

comprised of a semi-circle

Shaft

the structural member which serves as the main support of a column or pier. The shaft is between the capital and the base.

Side-aisle

A long, narrow space that is located at the side of, and parallel to, the nave of a church. An arcade of columns or piers usually separates an aisle from the nave. It is sometimes referred to as a side aisle.

Sloping

part of a building or a decoration on a slant.

Small bond

bond with broken ashlar of less than 20 cm, assembled in no particular order

Small column

small column with an elongated shaft.

Spandrel

The roughly triangular wall space between two adjacent arches.

Spire

polygonal or conical attic space of a tower or bell tower.

Splay

diagonally cut–away surround of a window or doorway, in which the opening widens towards the face of the wall, thereby admitting more light and increasing the angle of view for observation or shooting through.

Springer

the lowest voussoir on each side of an arch.

Squinch

Small arch in the corner of a building that converts a square space to an octagonal area which may then be covered with a dome.

Squinch

small arch in the corner of a building that converts a square space to an octagonal area which may then be covered with a dome.

Stained glass

the art of cutting colored glass into different shapes and fitting them into channeled lead strips, which are also called came.

Stone facing

visible side of a wall built of freestone.

Straight pointed arch

arch composed of two straight segments cut at an acute angle (triangular).

Strap hinge

metal band, often decorative, attached flat against a door, enabling said door to be supported on its hinge

Stuc, Stucco

A mixture of cement, sand, lime and water spread over metal screening or chicken wire or wooden lath on wooden walls to form the exterior covering of and exterior wall.

Stylobate

a course of masonry forming the foundation for a row columns, esp. the outermost colonnade of a classical temple.